主日崇拜导论：实用圣经神学2中英_d

主讲：林慈信牧师_校对：刘加立弟兄_英文：陈弟兄_文字：赵思奇姐妹

So you can see all of these things in the warrant part of the prayer. Ok，Now let’s take a look at the pastoral prayer.现在我们来看牧祷。A，You praise God for His attributes and His acts.赞美上帝，因为祂的属性、祂的作为。Here the word is perfection，这里用一个字perfection，就是属性，it means attributes， notice for creation，for Providence and for revelation.创造、护理，还有上帝的启示，就是上帝的话。B，Thank God。感谢上帝。Because he is merciful to supply all of our needs，因为上帝是怜悯的上帝，供应我们一切的需要，particularly our need for salvation，特别是我们需要救恩，所以，thank God for Jesus Christ.我们为耶稣基督感恩。C，第三，Confess our sins，我们承认我们的罪过，not only our sins，不单是罪过，but how serious sin is，还有罪是多么的严重，serious in its consequences，带来怎么严重的恶果，sins in thought，word，indeed，言语、思想、行为的罪，sins of omission and commission，应当做的忽略没有去做，不应该做的去做，两种不同的罪，secret and open，隐秘的罪、公开的罪。Etc. Now the Anglican church has a standard prayer of confession of sin.圣公会有一个标准的常用的认罪祷告文的。I’ve used it in many churches from time to time，有的时候我会引用这段的祷告文让教会知道。

Before move on to D，我们没有讲D之前呢，some of us particularly in the free worship tradition will object.有些人特别是比较自由敬拜，开放敬拜的，传统的就会感觉到不舒服了。Why work through so many words in praying，祷告为什么用这么多个字？special words that are given to you to copy？特别是可以抄用的字。My answer，我的回应，if you know the Bible backwards and forward，particularly the old testament，假如你把旧约读到烂熟，if you know God’s creation and Providence，Father，Son and Holy Spirit and salvation，all of that’s backwards and forwards，假如你对上帝的创造、护理、救恩旧约新约读到烂熟，if you completely，thoroughly know about calling，regeneration for repentance，faith，justifications，sanctification，你对呼召、重生、称义、成圣等等与基督联合烂熟地认识，then you can go ahead and pray freely.你可以自由祷告。In fact，you can write prayer，other people can copy.你可以写一些祷告文别人来读用你的祷告文。You know what I mean？These prayers are the crystallization of the prayer life of hundreds of pastors.这些是几百个牧师祷告生活的精华来的。That’s why it comes down to us for hundreds of years，几百年传下来的嘛，starting with Luther and Calvin’s time.从路德、加尔文开始喽。If you want to read the prayers by Calvin I have whole book of it.你假如要读加尔文的祷告，我整本书给你可以去读的。

So for us who are accustomed，I’m sorry，for us who are accustomed to praying freely，sooner or later you will feel that you are running out of words.你假如是自由祷告的传统的，你迟早会感觉到没有字了没有话讲了。It’s not just up to your fervor and love for Jesus.不仅仅是靠你的热心、爱主的心的啵。Good medicine for you，给你的良药，a paperback book，一本平装书，method of prayer by Matthew Henry，亨利·马太的祷告的方法。

The book is a listing of hundreds of passages from the Bible，这本书列出几百段的经文，but organized as to what occasion for prayer.是按照不同需要、不同场合祷告而组织的。A sister once bought the book有一位姐妹她买了这本书，you know what she said afterwards？她要怎么说？哦，现在我有话了。Now I know what to say in prayer，because it’s all from the Bible，particularly from the psalms.大部分是诗篇，全部是经文来的。Ok，D，Pray for forgiveness of sins，for sanctification，for God’s help as we walk this path on earth.求神赦免我们的罪，帮助我们成圣，走天路，等等。I won’t go through the list.我不读出这么长的一段。

F，最后，Pray for the whole world，for the church，for pastors，missionaries，为全世界祷告，为教会、为牧师、为宣教士，for the government or the king，为王、为政府祷告，etc.等等。A comprehensive prayer.全面的祷告。Now I realized that for some people that is just too long，maybe seven minutes.可能7分钟祷告太长了。Well，the Anglican church breaks it up.圣公会把它分成几段的。There is a special time to pray for the church，the world，sick people.有一段时间专门为教会、为政府、为病人祷告的。And obviously，there are many many prayers in the Anglican order worship，在圣公会祷告程序，I mean崇拜程序有很多的项目，so all these prayers are already included in this verse.所以这些不同的祷告，都已经出现在圣公会不同的片段。We Presbyterian put it all together，that’s all.长老会只不过把它列出来。

Ok，so I hope that you see that Bible reading and prayer.读经祷告。If you add to that confessing of faith，加上承认信仰，reading a portion from the shorter or larger Catechism，读一段要理问答，read the ten commandments and pray for forgiveness读十诫求赦免，if you do all of these，你假如这些全部都在崇拜里面做，and there’s no pastor to preach a sermon，没有牧师讲道，Ok，I call that a vegetarian worship service.我称这个叫做吃素的崇拜。No sermon，没有讲道，but rich scripture readings，丰富的读经，rich prayers丰富的祷告，Catechism，信仰问答，of course rich hymns and songs，还有诗篇跟圣诗呢，you would have worshiped God.你已经敬拜上帝了，and by the way， we as a congregation have preached the gospel.已经在传福音了。The law，十诫，our sin，我们的罪，the cross and forgiveness，十架、赦罪，hymns of praise，赞美的诗歌，all kinds of scripture and praise of a God’s attributes and God’s acts，各种的经文、诗歌讲到神的属性、神的作为，you would have worshiped God.我们已经敬拜了神了。

Sometimes I find a church that worships like that，有一次我去这种教会敬拜，I find that my sermon is not necessary，我觉得我不必讲道，just pronounce a benediction.祝福就好了。If people pay attention in those churches such as St Mary’s，if people pay attention to every word that was said，prayed or sung，假如他们留意每一个字，祷告的每一个字，诗歌的歌词每一个字，they have worshiped God，他们已经敬拜神，they have heard the gospel.他们已经听到福音了。

We in a PCA have an inside joke among pastors，我们PCA的牧师们中间有一个默契的笑话，this is what we say，我们这样说的，every Sunday we preach the Gospel，我们每个星期都讲福音的，what do we mean by that？什么意思啊？It doesn’t mean that every sunday you ask people to accept Jesus Christ as your personal savior，不是说你每个星期都请会众接受耶稣做个人救主，that’s not what we mean.我们不是这个意思。When we say that we preach the gospel every Sunday，当我们说我们每个主日都讲福音，what we mean is，我们的意思是，We talk about God，His attributes，His acts and His law，我们讲到上帝，上帝的属性，祂的作为、祂的律法，we talk about our sin and our need for sanctification，我们会讲到我们的罪，我们需要成圣，we talk about and thank God for the cross，the blood of Jesus and we ask for forgiveness，我们讲到十字架耶稣的保守，我们求神赦免我们的罪，we receive forgiveness我们领受神的赦免，and we tell Jesus we want to get close to him，我们跟耶稣说我们要来亲近你，we want to love you follow you.我们愿意爱你跟随你。That’s the gospel.这个就是福音嘛。That is why it is so crucial to choose hymns，scripture readings carefully，所以选诗歌选经文很重要，how to pray very important.怎么样祷告很重要。

Page 11 number five，第11页第5点。The church should sing both psalms and hymns.教会要唱诗篇，也要唱圣诗。If we choose hymns，我们选圣诗的话，the words in the hymns must be Biblical and not teach wrong doctrine.圣诗必须符合圣经，不可以教导错误的教义。For example，about fifty years ago，there was a new short chorus，譬如说50年前70年代有一首短短的短歌，“There is a church within us，Oh Lord”，主啊，在我的心里面有个教会。That’s absolutely wrong.绝对是错的。The church is not in you，教会不在你里面的，the streams of praise don’t flow into your heart，赞美之泉不是流到你的心里面的，it flows the throne of God，要流到神的宝座那里才对嘛，赞美的音符啊。The notes and Melody of praise don’t flow into our hearts，make us feel good，不是让我们舒服，flow to the throne of God.流到神的宝座。

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Now if you think I’m criticizing contemporary lyrics，let me show you some traditional lyrics that are also very wrong.你以为我在批评短歌吗？我们的传统诗歌里面很多错误的教义的。For example，譬如说“Joyful，joyful we adore thee”《快乐颂》，about third verse，third line，大概到第三节第三行，God our father，Christ our brother，上帝为父基督为兄，all who，中文是爱中生活皆主民，all who love are the people of God. Now the Bible does say that Jesus is our older brother，圣经有讲基督是我们的长兄，Hebrew chapter 2，希伯来书第二章，but not everybody who love is，they are children of God，但是不是每个人有爱心就是神的儿女。Of course First John talks about that，没有错约翰一书有讲，but the word “love” needs to be carefully defined.但是“爱”这个字要有很精准的定义才行的。This hymn is written by a liberal theologian，Van Dyke.这首诗歌的作者是自由派的神学家写的。

Another one that’s beautiful，另外一首很美的歌词，O Master，let me walk with thee，主啊，求你助我与你一起同行，Gladden is a social gospel theologian.一个社会福音的神学家写的。What do you do with hymn like that，oh master，let me walk with thee，那这种诗歌怎么办呢？I will not not use it，我不会不用它，but I will sandwich it with solid Bible verses，我前前后后用扎实的经文夹住它，if I need to use it.要用的话。Ok，so we need to know that not all hymns are orthodox.不是所有圣诗都是正统的。哒哒哒🎵 🎵 🎵《夜半歌声》，“It came upon the midnight clear”，the man who wrote it is a Unitarian（一位论派），doesn’t believe in the Trinity.写诗歌的人不信三位一体的。Ever circling years of gold，黄金时代将必来临，no，he’s not talking about heaven，他不是在讲天堂，he is espousing a liberal version of post millennialism，他是在讲一个自由派的后千禧年主义。I’m also post millennial in some sense，but I’m not that kind of post millennial.我也是后千禧年，但是不是那种的后千禧年。He’s saying that if democracy comes to America，the millennium would have come，heaven would have come on earth，自由社会来到美国的话，天堂就临到人间了，彼此博爱。loving one another. So you need to know who these hymns writers are.你要知道写圣诗的人是谁。

Now fortunately，you don’t have to be that critical when you use the hymn，感谢主！你不必每次打开圣诗都那么地带着批判的眼光，because usually when people write a hymn，they are crystallizing their whole theology.因为一般写圣诗的人都是把他整个信仰的精华写出来。And when you just boil everything down to，当你把你整个信仰写成诗的时候，normally very few errors appear.一般很少异端出现的。But you just need to know how to present a hymn，但是你要知道怎么介绍一首诗歌，use the scriptures，用经文，or as I do.比如说我在过去几个月所做的。I write an explanation for the entire worship service，我写一个解释整堂崇拜的一个的指引，A guide to worship，敬拜指引，or in concert how they call the program notes。你去听音乐的有一本这个节目介绍的。

In this church we used to sing a hymn after the ten commandments，confession of sin，and scripture promise for forgiveness，我们教会以前呢，读完十诫，认罪，然后读赦罪经文之后，我们会唱一首诗歌的，it’s called the hymn of forgiveness.赦罪诗歌。I don’t know what you noticed that recently I made a change.最近我做了一个改变。I called it something else，我改了一个名字，I call it we receive God’s promises.我改成我们领受神的应许。I could have used another term，我可以用另外一个名称的，we draw near to Jesus Christ，我们来亲近主耶稣也可以的。It means the same thing，because when you draw near to Jesus in union and communion with Christ，you are drawing from him all his good promises.因为你来到耶稣面前亲近祂的时候，你就是在信靠领受祂一切的丰富的恩典应许嘛。

So that second hymn that I now design，现在我设计的第二首诗歌，is for union and communion with Christ.是为了亲近主与他交通而设计的。Then we have hymnal preparation and to the sermon and respond to the sermon，然后我们有讲道前讲道后的唱诗，not counting the offering hymn，that’s number five.还有奉献诗歌是第五首。If our church designates two hours for the worship service，假如我们本教会用两个小时崇拜的话，singing five hymns is not too many.唱5首诗歌不是太多的。Assuming that you preach for forty five minutes to fifty minutes，假如你假设讲道是45分钟 50分钟，and we have the ten commandments，confession of sin and the promise of Pardon，有十诫，有认罪，有赦罪的应许，and of course we have the opening praise，还有前面的赞美，announcement before we begin，开始之前的报告，offering at the end，奉献在后面，and that does not even include a time of Catechism for children，还没有想到为孩子们讲一点点的要理问答，if we have two hours，we can do everything.我们假如有两个小时我们什么都可以做完的。But normally people don’t sit still after ninety minutes.一般来说九十分钟之后大家就已经坐不住了。So we have to perhaps redesign the worship service again.可能我会再一次地重新考虑怎么设计主日崇拜。Yes，change，yes，change，是的，要改变的，because we are all，I’m included，learning how to worship God in a complete way.我们包括我都在学怎么更完整地来敬拜上帝，赞美他的。All right，so I listed all these different kinds of hymns.我列出各种不同要唱的诗歌。

Page twelve，12页，number sixty，第6， It is proper that we read a portion of a creed or confession or catechism.每次的主日我们读一段信经、信仰告白、要理问答是适合的。You say，oh，why do you read things that men wrote？你说，为什么人写的东西你要读啊？My answer，我怎么回答？What are hymns？我们唱的圣诗是什么？They are catechism and confession of faith put to music.只不过是带着音乐可以唱的信仰告白罢了。What are confessions and Catechism？什么叫做信仰告白、要理问答？They are hymns without music.不能唱的诗歌。It’s a same.两个是同样的东西。One is written in a more academic way，一个是比较用学术的话来浓缩的讲的，the other one is the poems，另外一个是诗，but they are both crystallization of Christian’s faith from the past generations，两种都是过去2，000年信徒的灵命生活信仰的结晶，crystallization，one with music，one without，一个有音乐，一个没有音乐，that’s only difference.只不过这样不同的嘛。And the advantage of going through，let’s say，the confession of faith，假如你读信仰告白，let’s say，over two years，比如说两年，one hundred and four Sundays，104次的主日，You will have covered everything that we believe，我们在信仰告白就会牵涉到每一方面的信仰，over two years or three even，可能三年，hundred and fifty six Sunday.156次。

OK，I have an elder friend，我有一个长老同工，he’s been an elder in my church which I started，我开始的教会他是做长老的，and he was responsible for this for many years.他负责这个信仰告白很多年。So obviously he knows the Westminster confession backwards and forwards，当然他对信仰告白从头到尾读到烂熟了嘛，because he always has to read it，the congregation read the answer，and he has to say a few words of explanation，因为他要读然后向会众解释，2分钟、3分钟、4分钟，so it is a way for us to review and relearn what we believe，就是温习学习我们所信的。Then there’s the offering，还有奉献，now I said tithes and offering.这里写的是十一奉献和奉献。Tithes，the first ten percent belongs to God ，1/10，头十分之一是属于神的，the rest we call free will offering.其他的叫做自由奉献。Two nights from now we will talk about the Lord’s supper.我们留到后天晚上讲圣餐。

Finally，Vow.最后，誓约。Marriage is a vow.婚礼是誓约。When you ordain a pastor or an elder，those are vows.你按立牧师按立长老也是誓约。When somebody comes to get baptized and join the church，they take vows.一个人来接受洗礼加入教会也是在宣誓。You may not call it a vow，你不称他做誓约，it’s still a covenant you make before God.总之你在神面前立约就是了。So those are all parts of worship service，这些都是崇拜的部分，except we don’t do it every Sunday.不是每个星期。Not every Sunday somebody get married or get baptized，不是每个主日都有人结婚都有人受洗，but all of these make up the worship life of the church，这一切的一切加起来就是教会的崇拜，集体的公共崇拜生活，informed by Biblical theology and doctrine.背后有扎实的圣经神学和教义。In our next session，我们下次讲座的时候，I will demonstrate how I use these doctrines listed in section four，我会示范怎么用第四部分所列出的不同的教义和圣经神学主题，and choose a theme for one worship service.一个一次的崇拜，有一个主题。

Normally in the last four months，including this month，the fifth month，five months，在从1月1号到现在五个月，I usually choose the theme based on the sermon text.一般来说我选一个崇拜的主题是来自讲道的经文。Because I’m not always a preacher，我不是每次都是讲员，and I don’t know what the preacher actually is gonna say，我也不知道讲道者会怎么讲。but I do know which scripture passage he is gonna preach from，但是我知道他要讲哪一段经文，so at least I know what the text is.我知道那个经文是什么。So from my understanding of the text，从我对这篇经文的理解，I distill one or two doctrines.我会抓一两个教义出来。Ok，and use that，用这个教义，and I go from the old to the new testament.从旧约到新约。Hopefully I find something outside of salvation，creation，Providence，尽量找到救恩以外的创造、护理，some kind of hymn or some kind of Bible reading，某一方面的经文或者是诗歌，and then compose in order that has good flow，整个的程序有它的流程，the word“flow”is a modern fashionable word，“流程”是很时髦的，the ancient word for that is liturgy，礼仪是古老的，same thing，同一件事，old word，new word.一个是旧的字，一个是新的字。

I’m very fortunate to have met a musician and a theologian，I met two musician and theologian，我很感谢主在过去认识两个音乐家、神学家。One is a theologian who loves worship music，Robert Weber.一位是韦伯博士他是神学家很欣赏各种的时代的崇拜跟音乐的。The other one，I can’t remember his name just now，but he is a modern Musician，he’s got computers and keyboards in his office at Biola university.第二位呢，是含现代音乐的，他的office一大堆的keyboard、电脑。And his website used to be called“worshipinfo.com”，他的网站以前叫做敬拜资料，he can take you through Los Angeles，他可以带你环游洛杉矶，and show you at least forty different styles of worship in different churches，Catholic， orthodox，protestant，liberal，conservative，black，Pentecostal.他全部可以带你去看的。He is a musician who appreciates good theology.他是一个现代的音乐家欣赏神学的重要性。The other guy is a theologian who appreciates good worship and music.另外一位是神学家欣赏崇拜跟好的音乐的重要性。Two very good examples.两个都是非常好的榜样。And so I’m very grateful for the rich learning that I have done since graduating long times，since after graduating from seminary and graduate school，是我读完神学博士之后很多年之后才学到的，all that I’m talking about in worship I learned after seminary.我今天讲的所有的关于敬拜都是在神学院毕业之后的一点一滴。Gradually learning a little bit here，a little bit there，but the foundation was laid back in seminary，但这个基础在神学院，Biblical theology，sound doctrine.圣经神学扎实的教义。So may God help us to appreciate that our need to pray well，worship well，sing well.求神帮助我们体会到我们需要学习怎么有好的祷告、好的唱诗、好的崇拜。

Let us pray.我们祷告。Father，we are grateful that through the years，your people and her teachers，leaders，theologians have left us a rich heritage，感谢主！过去几百年来你的子民、神学家、领袖们给我们一个丰富的属灵的遗产，so that we can use the hymns，the readings，most of all your words。所以我们可以用圣诗、读经特别是你自己圣经的话，to enrich our worship，so we can worship you with our hearts and worship completely丰富我们的敬拜，好叫我们可以从心底里敬拜你，赞美你，也有一个更完整的敬拜。Have mercy on us in our churches，求主怜悯我们，也怜悯我们每一位所代表的教会，that we hold on to your promise.我们抓住你的应许。When the Son of God is lifted up，He will draw many to Himself.当人子被高举起来，祂就会吸引万人来归向祂。This is our prayer.这是我们的祷告。Hear our prayer.求主听我们的祷告。In Jesus’ name.奉耶稣基督圣名求。Amen！

Hope to see you two nights from now.希望后晚再见。